From the errorlog, just before the stack traces:
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00:0002:00000:00029:2015/12/01 10:03:07.10 server Increase the config parameter 'number of open databases' to avoid descriptor reuse. Reuse may result in performance degradation.
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And from the error/stack trace details:
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00:0002:00000:00029:2015/12/01 10:56:31.05 server Database 'proteus_ea_load' (dbid 13): failed to open table ID 123303649, for which a row exists in
Invalid pointer param number 6, pointer value 0x000000000000000A.
00:0002:00000:00029:2015/12/01 10:56:31.18 server closetable: table already closed for sdes 0000000022F0AF10
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Maybe not related, but I'd want to rule out some funky issue with descriptor reuse causing the descriptor related error (already closed for sdes).
Consider bumping up your 'number of open databases' configuration parameter and try loading the database again.
See the output from the following for any other config parameters that may need bumping up, in particular any of the 'number of ...' settings:
sp_monitorconfig 'all'